Cold+War

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**

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 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS
 * As what was becoming as the Korean War, the United States appealed to the United Nations. to stop the communist move into South Korea
 * 16 nations provided soldiers for a UN force
 * General Douglass McArthur served as commander of all UN forces
 * United Nations- set up to end conflicts between countries, keep the peace
 * A group of representatives from many countries that try to stop war before it happens
 * A result of WWII
 * **CONTAINMENT
 * The Truman Administration's main policy in the Cold war was its containment policy
 * The goal of containment was to stop the spread of communism.
 * The United States would work military and non-military ways to contain communism
 * ||  || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg height="218" align="center" caption="George Kenean"]] ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
 * The Truman Doctrine promised aid to people struggling to resist threats to democratic freedom
 * Stop the spread of communism by the United States using money to try to help countries prevent communism from spreading.
 * Focusing on Greece and Turkey the most.
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN
 * Hoping to prevent the spread of communism, the United States came up with a plan to revive the war-torn economics of Europe. The plan was named for Truman's Secretary of State, George C. Marshall.
 * The Marshall Plan offered 13 billion in aid to western and southern Europe.
 * The plan helped the nations of Europe rebuild
 * United States has become Spiderman...great power comes great responsibility.
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT
 * The Berlin airlift was a massive transfer of essential supplies flown into Berlin by British and U.S. forces in around-the-clock missions.
 * As the cold war rivalries between the Soviet Union and the Western powers intensified, the Soviet forces in March 1948 began to harass ground transport that connected West Berlin to West Germany
 * Soviet troops halted all railroad traffic between Berlin and the West.
 * As the cold war rivalries between the Soviet Union and the Western powers intensified, the Soviet forces in March 1948 began to harass ground transport that connected West Berlin to West Germany
 * Soviet troops halted all railroad traffic between Berlin and the West.
 * The dwindling of food supplies for more than 2 million civilians in West Berlin was also key to Operation Vittles, as the airlift was dubbed in the U.S. military.
 * 277,264 flights were made into Berlin carrying 2,343,315 tons of food and coal.
 * On July 26, 1948, the Western powers halted all trade with East Germany in retaliation for the blockade. The Soviets ended the blockade on May 12, 1949 and conceded defeat.
 * Russians didn't want people leaving western Germany to go to Eastern Germany, so the created a blockade to stave them
 * But, the United States and Berlin send planes to send food and supplies.
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
 * <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana; font-weight: normal;">The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a mutual defense alliance of nations from Europe and North America
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana;"><span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal;">NATO was organized to defend member nations from the possible aggression of the Soviet Union and the nations of Eastern Europe, which formed the Warsaw Treaty Organization six years later
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana;"><span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal;">NATO was organized to defend member nations from the possible aggression of the Soviet Union and the nations of Eastern Europe, which formed the Warsaw Treaty Organization six years later
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana;"><span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal;">NATO members pledged to work toward reaching agreement with Warsaw Pact countries on equitable and verifiable arms reduction and to cooperate within the alliance in economic, scientific, and cultural areas.
 * <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana; font-weight: normal;">Warsaw was created in response to NATO because to prevent the NATO for having to much of an influence, they wanted to spread communism and NATO didn't want that
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC
 * <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana; font-weight: normal;">Red Scarce refers to the irrational but rampant fear of communism that swept the United States twice during the 20th century . <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana; font-weight: normal;">Widespread hysteria over labor strikes and protest movements, which were blamed on communists and other radicals.Second red scare occurred during a period of the cold war in the late 1940s and early 1950s when Americans were particularly concerned with the rise of communism
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana;"><span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal;">Julius Rosenberg was arrested for spying and providing Russia with secrets about the atomic bomb. The Rosenbergs vehemently proclaimed their innocence during the trial, the jury found all three guilty of espionage
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana; font-weight: normal;">Huac began to target people in the movie business of communist plots in movies. Most had their careers ruined

** ||
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** * As United States moved into North Korea, the placed a threat to either stop invasion or they will join the war.
 * By the U.S. ignoring the threat, Hundreds of thousands of Chinese Communist troops attacked in human waves across Yalu River into North Korea. They drove the UN troops back to South Korea.
 * China is the biggest country in the world, causes people in charge in United States look bad
 * Saw movement of UN troops into Korea as a threat to China's security
 * MacArthur wanted to bomb China but Truman refused and eventually fired him
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:PRCFounding.jpg align="center" caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * ** MCCARTHYISM
 * A republican senator, Joseph McCarthy, from WIsconsin
 * He declared he had a numerous amount of people in the Communist party, however, these facts were never proven, but his claim launched a hunt for Communists that wrecked the careers of thousands of people.
 * Term came to stand for reckless charges against innocent citizens

** || ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE
 * In 1957, the superpower began a space race
 * The Soviet union stunned the world by launching the world's first space satellite.
 * This meant that the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the United States
 * Congress set aside billions of collars for space research